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| 1 |
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Q:
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The corpus luteum can be described by all of the following except |
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A
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Produces of progesterone during the first trimester of pregnancy |
B
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Responsible for various roles involving the early development of the fetus |
C
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Is a remnant of the follicle after ovulation |
D
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Apparent in the follicular phase of menstruation |
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Tags:
Reproductive System | |
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| 2 |
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Q:
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Which of the following is the correct order of the menstrual cycle? |
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A
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Menstruation, Secretory phase, proliferative phase, ovulation
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B
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Ovulation, secretory phase, proliferative phase, menstruation |
C
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Menstruation, proliferative phase, ovulation, secretory phase |
D
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Ovulation, menstruation, secretory phase, proliferative phase |
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Tags:
Reproductive System | |
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| 3 |
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Q:
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What happens to the primary oocyte immediately before ovulation? |
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A
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Mitosis |
B
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Meiosis I |
C
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Meiosis II |
D
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The S phase in the cell cycle |
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Tags:
Reproductive System | |
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| 4 |
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Q:
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Aromatase catalyzes the formation of estrogens from testosterone. Increasing aromatase gene transcription would likely have which of the following effects on an adult organism, assuming it is capable of switching sex? |
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A
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Converting the organism from male to female |
B
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Converting the organism from female to male |
C
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Sterilizing the organism while retaining gonadal size |
D
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Sterilizing the organism by eliminating the gonads |
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Tags:
Reproductive System | Endocrine System | |
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| 5 |
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Q:
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Which of the following is true regarding eggs in the female reproductive system? |
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A
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Production of eggs begins at puberty. |
B
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The mature ovum is formed while inside the ovary. |
C
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The zona pellucida is the primary regulating structure for entry by sperm cells. |
D
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Polar bodies are approximately equal in size to the oocytes. |
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Tags:
Reproductive System | |
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| 6 |
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Q:
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Feedback loops are incredibly important for hormonal regulation within the body. One common loop is through the hypothalamic → anterior pituitary → target gland pathway. A hormone is released from the hypothalamus, travels to the anterior pituitary and stimulates secretion of a trophic hormone. This is followed by activation of a target gland which releases the target hormone. This hormone can have widespread effects throughout the body.
The target hormone usually has inhibitory effects on hypothalamic as well as anterior pituitary secretions. One pathway which uses this is the pathway through which testosterone is released. GnRH released from the hypothalamus stimulates anterior pituitary release of LH. LH acts on Leydig cells in the male testes which secrete testosterone. Often, athletes take excess testosterone supplements in order to gain muscle mass. Which of the following would be an expected effect of taking such supplements? |
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A
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Decreased overall testosterone levels in the body |
B
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Increased GnRH release |
C
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Increased FSH release from the hypothalamus |
D
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Decreased LH release from the anterior pituitary |
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Tags:
Reproductive System | |
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| 7 |
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Q:
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Which of the following hormones is not involved in the female menstrual cycle? |
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A
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FSH |
B
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Prolactin |
C
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LH |
D
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Progesterone |
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Tags:
Reproductive System | |
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| 8 |
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Q:
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Which of the following hormone pairs creates a positive feedback loop in the body? |
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A
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Luteinizing hormone (LH) and estrogen |
B
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Calcitonin and parathyroid hormone |
C
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Insulin and glucagon |
D
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Aldosterone and vasopressin |
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Tags:
Reproductive System | Endocrine System | |
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| 9 |
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Q:
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Ovulation is immediately preceded by which of the following? |
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A
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a surge involving a rapid and dramatic increase in LH |
B
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a lowering of estrogen levels |
C
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the production of progesterone |
D
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release of the egg from the ovary into the fallopian tube |
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Tags:
Reproductive System | |
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| 10 |
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Q:
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Premature ovarian failure can cause early menopause. The failure of ovaries to begin maturation of an egg results in elevated hormone release from the anterior pituitary gland to increase the strength of the maturation signal. Which of the following would be expected to have elevated levels? |
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A
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FSH |
B
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estrogen |
C
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calcitonin |
D
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human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) |
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Tags:
Reproductive System | |
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| 11 |
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Q:
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The luteal surge is largely due to a positive feedback loop between which of the following hormones? |
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A
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Estrogen and LH |
B
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Estrogen and FSH |
C
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FSH and LH |
D
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LH and prolactin |
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Tags:
Reproductive System | |
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| 12 |
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Q:
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In the menstrual cycle, the LH surge involves a rapid and dramatic spike of luteinizing hormone. This surge is immediately followed by which of the following? |
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A
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menstruation |
B
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ovulation |
C
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pregnancy termination |
D
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fertilization |
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Tags:
Reproductive System | |
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| 13 |
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Q:
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A sudden rise in LH (luteinizing hormone) in a premenopausal female signifies: |
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A
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the destruction of the corpus luteum. |
B
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that menstruation and uterine lining shedding are imminent. |
C
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that fertility is decreased. |
D
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that ovulation is imminent. |
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Tags:
Reproductive System | |
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| 14 |
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Q:
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The corpus luteum is responsible for: |
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A
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abortion of the fetus in the case of genetic anomalies. |
B
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the ejection of an oocyte from the ovary. |
C
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the growth and maturation of additional oocytes within the ovary. |
D
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maintaining the lining of the endometrium. |
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Tags:
Reproductive System | |
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| 15 |
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Q:
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In humans, the menstrual cycle has three phases: follicular (prior to egg release), ovulatory (egg release), and luteal (after the egg is released). Which of the following is the cause behind luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion during the the menstrual cycle? |
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A
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The hormone estrogen during the luteal phase of the cycle
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B
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The hormone estrogen during the follicular phase of the cycle
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C
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The hormone progesterone during the follicular phase of the cycle
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D
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The hormone testosterone during the luteal phase of the cycle
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Tags:
Reproductive System | Hormonal Regulation | |
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| 16 |
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Q:
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Which of the following is TRUE regarding unfertilized oocytes in human females? |
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A
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Unfertilized oocytes mature in the uterus.
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B
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Unfertilized oocytes mature in response to an increase in FSH and LH.
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C
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Unfertilized oocytes mature in response to an increase in gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH).
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D
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Unfertilized oocytes mature in response to an increase in estrogen.
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Tags:
Reproductive System | Hormonal Regulation | Endocrine System | |
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| 17 |
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Q:
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A woman with regular menstrual cycles undergoes fertility testing. Tests reveal a typical LH surge occurring; however, additional testing also shows low progesterone levels throughout the menstrual cycle. Which of the following is most likely responsible for any difficulties in conception? |
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A
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Inability to develop mature vesicular follicles
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B
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Estrogen deficiency
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C
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GnRH deficiency
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D
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Inability to develop a healthy corpus luteum
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Tags:
Hormonal Regulation | Reproductive System | Endocrine System | |
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| 18 |
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Q:
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A researcher is testing a new molecular compound and notes that the compound is an antagonist of estrogen. If present in the body, this compound would likely: |
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A
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block LH production and prevent ovulation.
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B
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inhibit the production of GnRH.
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C
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block serotonin production.
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D
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prevent the formation of primary oocytes.
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Tags:
Endocrine System | Reproductive System | Hormonal Regulation | |
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| 19 |
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Q:
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Which of the following describes the difference between meiosis in human males and females? |
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A
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Males produce two sperm per spermatogonium, while females produce one egg per primary oocyte.
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B
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Males produce four sperm per spermatogonium, while females produce one egg per primary oocyte.
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C
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Males produce one sperm per spermatogonium, while females produce one egg per primary oocyte.
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D
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Males produce four sperm per spermatogonium, while females produce two eggs per primary oocyte.
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Tags:
Reproductive System | |
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| 20 |
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Q:
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Luteinizing hormone generally surges and peaks in women immediately prior to which of the following? |
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A
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menstruation |
B
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fertilization |
C
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birth |
D
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ovulation |
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Tags:
Hormonal Regulation | Reproductive System | |
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| 21 |
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Q:
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The hormone human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) is derived from which structure? |
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A
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ovary |
B
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fallopian tube
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C
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placenta |
D
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oocyte |
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Tags:
Reproductive System | |
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| 22 |
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Q:
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Which of the following is the correct location of maturation of the secondary follicle with respect to the ovulation process in human females? |
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A
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fimbriae |
B
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corpus luteum |
C
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fallopian tube |
D
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ovary |
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Tags:
Reproductive System | |
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| 23 |
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Q:
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Which of the following represents the earliest step in the passage of sperm through the male genitourinary system? |
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A
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ejaculatory duct |
B
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urethra |
C
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seminiferous tubules |
D
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epididymis |
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Tags:
Reproductive System | |
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| 24 |
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Q:
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Sertoli cells are responsible for which of the following? |
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A
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Support for developing sperm cells. |
B
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Supporting the nephron similar to a myelin sheath. |
C
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Protecting the egg from infectious agents. |
D
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Consuming polar bodies produced during oogenesis. |
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Tags:
Reproductive System | |
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| 25 |
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Q:
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Which of the following is true regarding fetal red blood cells? |
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A
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They may be found in the mother's circulatory system. |
B
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Partial pressure of oxygen is higher in fetal circulation than in maternal circulation. |
C
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They have a higher affinity for oxygen. |
D
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Fetal circulation is an anaerobic system. |
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Tags:
Reproductive System | |
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| 26 |
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Q:
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The zona pellucida: |
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A
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only exists around the primary follicle. |
B
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allows for sperm binding to the ovum. |
C
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only exists around the secondary follicle. |
D
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secretes progesterone. |
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Tags:
Reproductive System | |
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| 27 |
Go |
Q:
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A particular mutation results in a defect in production of a zona pellucida in a particular female population. Which of the following effects might this have? |
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A
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decreased propensity for ovulation |
B
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increased weight of an ovum |
C
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increased likelihood for uterine cancers |
D
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decreased ability of the egg to bind spermatozoa |
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Tags:
Reproductive System | |
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| 28 |
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Q:
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The testes are responsible for all of the following EXCEPT: |
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A
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production of sperm. |
B
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production of testosterone. |
C
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storing sperm externally to the body at a temperature several degrees colder than core temperature. |
D
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addition of seminal fluid to make semen. |
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Tags:
Reproductive System | |
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| 29 |
Go |
Q:
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Which of the following is not a secondary sexual characteristic? |
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A
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presence of underarm hair |
B
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larger hand size in males |
C
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the presence of testes |
D
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enlargement of breasts in females |
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Tags:
Reproductive System | |
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| 30 |
Go |
Q:
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Spikes in luteinizing hormone (LH) in premenopausal women typically precede: |
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A
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ovulation. |
B
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implantation of the egg to uterine lining. |
C
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menstruation. |
D
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initiation of menopause. |
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Tags:
Reproductive System | |
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| 31 |
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Q:
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Which of the following regions of the body are the primary sources of estrogen production in a premenopausal woman? |
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A
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ovaries |
B
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uterus |
C
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fat tissue |
D
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anterior pituitary |
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Tags:
Reproductive System | |
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| 32 |
Go |
Q:
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Which of the following structures generates progesterone for maintaining pregnancy? |
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A
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corpus luteum |
B
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anterior pituitary |
C
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posterior pituitary |
D
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hypothalamus |
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Tags:
Reproductive System | |
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